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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
Fecha : |
02/01/2017 |
Actualizado : |
02/01/2017 |
Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
Autor : |
CASTILLO, A.; MONTAÑEZ MASSA, A.; DOCAMPO, R.; RODRIGUEZ, P.; CABRERA, D.; ZOPPOLO, R. |
Afiliación : |
ALICIA MARIA CASTILLO SALLE, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; ADRIANA MONTAÑEZ MASSA, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Ciencias; ROBERTO DOCAMPO ROMERO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; PABLO ANDRES RODRIGUEZ BRUNO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; CARLOS DANILO CABRERA BOLOGNA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; ROBERTO JOSE ZOPPOLO GOLDSCHMIDT, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
Título : |
Micorrización de portainjertos de manzano micropropagados. [Mycorrhization of micropropagated apple rootstocks.] |
Fecha de publicación : |
2016 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Cultivos Tropicales, 2016, v. 37, Supl. 1, p. 7-12. |
Serie : |
1819-4087 |
DOI : |
10.13140/RG.2.1.1451.4804 |
Idioma : |
Español |
Notas : |
NÚMERO ESPECIAL. Este número de la revista está dedicado al X Congreso Internacional de Biotecnología Vegetal (BioVeg2015). Article history: Recibido: 15 de mayo de 2015;
Aceptado: 3 de diciembre de 2015 |
Contenido : |
RESUMEN
La micropropagación mediante cultivo in vitro de plantas permite la producción a gran escala de individuos genéticamente idénticos al material de partida. Las especies leñosas tienen dificultades en la etapa de aclimatación por la lentitud que presentan en el desarrollo de respuestas fisiológicas y morfológicas a los cambios de ambiente. El éxito final de la propagación in vitro depende de la capacidad de transferencia de las plantas desde el laboratorio a las condiciones de invernáculo. Una de las herramientas para contrarrestar las pérdidas durante la aclimatación, es la utilización de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA), que establecen asociaciones simbióticas mutualistas no específicas con el 90 % de las plantas vasculares. Los HMA, por su acción como agentes de biorregulación del crecimiento, biofertilizantes o biocontrol, han tenido especial atención en el manejo y propagación de las plantas frutícolas. En este trabajo se presentan los efectos de la inoculación con HMA en el inicio de la aclimatación. Para la micorrización se empleó un solo tipo de inóculo de HMA sobre dos portainjertos de manzano: un clon de M9 y otro de la serie Cornell-Geneva (RN29 y Geneva®41, respectivamente) en tres sustratos diferentes. Los plantines inoculados con micorrizas presentaron mayor expansión de sus hojas, mayor diámetro y mayor altura, respecto al control, mostrando diferencias significativas. La aclimatación se redujo de 60 a 40 días. La incorporación de este tipo de tecnología, podría generar beneficios orientados a un manejo sustentable de la producción de plantas con menor uso de agroquímicos.
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ABSTRACT
Micropropagation through in vitro plant cultivation allows large-scale production of identical individuals genetically to the starting material. Woody species have difficulties in the acclimatization stage due to their slowness in the development of physiological response to environmental changes. The ultimate success of in vitro propagation depends on the capacity of plants to adapt in the moment of transfering from the laboratory to the greenhouse conditions. One of the tools to offset losses during acclimatization is the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which sets mutualistic symbiotic associations unspecific with 90 % of vascular plants. AMF, because of their action as agents of growth bioregulation as bio-fertilizers or biocontrollers have received special attention in handling and propagation of fruit plants. In this work the effects of inoculation with AMF at the start of acclimatization are presented to mycorrhization. Inoculation with one type of AMF over two rootstocks of apple was done in a clone of M9 and one rootstock of the Cornell-Geneva series (RN29 and Geneva®41 respectively) set in three different substrates. Seedlings inoculated with AMF when compared to the control, presented further expansion of their leaves, bigger diameter and greater height, all significantly different. Acclimatization period was reduced from 60 to 40 days. The incorporation of this type of technologies could generate a more sustainable management of plant production with less use of agrochemicals. MenosRESUMEN
La micropropagación mediante cultivo in vitro de plantas permite la producción a gran escala de individuos genéticamente idénticos al material de partida. Las especies leñosas tienen dificultades en la etapa de aclimatación por la lentitud que presentan en el desarrollo de respuestas fisiológicas y morfológicas a los cambios de ambiente. El éxito final de la propagación in vitro depende de la capacidad de transferencia de las plantas desde el laboratorio a las condiciones de invernáculo. Una de las herramientas para contrarrestar las pérdidas durante la aclimatación, es la utilización de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA), que establecen asociaciones simbióticas mutualistas no específicas con el 90 % de las plantas vasculares. Los HMA, por su acción como agentes de biorregulación del crecimiento, biofertilizantes o biocontrol, han tenido especial atención en el manejo y propagación de las plantas frutícolas. En este trabajo se presentan los efectos de la inoculación con HMA en el inicio de la aclimatación. Para la micorrización se empleó un solo tipo de inóculo de HMA sobre dos portainjertos de manzano: un clon de M9 y otro de la serie Cornell-Geneva (RN29 y Geneva®41, respectivamente) en tres sustratos diferentes. Los plantines inoculados con micorrizas presentaron mayor expansión de sus hojas, mayor diámetro y mayor altura, respecto al control, mostrando diferencias significativas. La aclimatación se redujo de 60 a 40 días. La incorporación de este tipo de tec... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
ADAPTATION; APPLE; VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION. |
Thesagro : |
ADAPTACION; FRUTALES; MANZANO; PROPAGACION VEGETATIVA; SIMBIOSIS. |
Asunto categoría : |
-- |
URL : |
http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/ctr/v37s1/ctr01s116.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 04329naa a2200313 a 4500 001 1056408 005 2017-01-02 008 2016 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $a10.13140/RG.2.1.1451.4804$2DOI 100 1 $aCASTILLO, A. 245 $aMicorrización de portainjertos de manzano micropropagados. [Mycorrhization of micropropagated apple rootstocks.]$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2016 490 $a1819-4087 500 $aNÚMERO ESPECIAL. Este número de la revista está dedicado al X Congreso Internacional de Biotecnología Vegetal (BioVeg2015). Article history: Recibido: 15 de mayo de 2015; Aceptado: 3 de diciembre de 2015 520 $aRESUMEN La micropropagación mediante cultivo in vitro de plantas permite la producción a gran escala de individuos genéticamente idénticos al material de partida. Las especies leñosas tienen dificultades en la etapa de aclimatación por la lentitud que presentan en el desarrollo de respuestas fisiológicas y morfológicas a los cambios de ambiente. El éxito final de la propagación in vitro depende de la capacidad de transferencia de las plantas desde el laboratorio a las condiciones de invernáculo. Una de las herramientas para contrarrestar las pérdidas durante la aclimatación, es la utilización de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA), que establecen asociaciones simbióticas mutualistas no específicas con el 90 % de las plantas vasculares. Los HMA, por su acción como agentes de biorregulación del crecimiento, biofertilizantes o biocontrol, han tenido especial atención en el manejo y propagación de las plantas frutícolas. En este trabajo se presentan los efectos de la inoculación con HMA en el inicio de la aclimatación. Para la micorrización se empleó un solo tipo de inóculo de HMA sobre dos portainjertos de manzano: un clon de M9 y otro de la serie Cornell-Geneva (RN29 y Geneva®41, respectivamente) en tres sustratos diferentes. Los plantines inoculados con micorrizas presentaron mayor expansión de sus hojas, mayor diámetro y mayor altura, respecto al control, mostrando diferencias significativas. La aclimatación se redujo de 60 a 40 días. La incorporación de este tipo de tecnología, podría generar beneficios orientados a un manejo sustentable de la producción de plantas con menor uso de agroquímicos. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--.-.-. ABSTRACT Micropropagation through in vitro plant cultivation allows large-scale production of identical individuals genetically to the starting material. Woody species have difficulties in the acclimatization stage due to their slowness in the development of physiological response to environmental changes. The ultimate success of in vitro propagation depends on the capacity of plants to adapt in the moment of transfering from the laboratory to the greenhouse conditions. One of the tools to offset losses during acclimatization is the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which sets mutualistic symbiotic associations unspecific with 90 % of vascular plants. AMF, because of their action as agents of growth bioregulation as bio-fertilizers or biocontrollers have received special attention in handling and propagation of fruit plants. In this work the effects of inoculation with AMF at the start of acclimatization are presented to mycorrhization. Inoculation with one type of AMF over two rootstocks of apple was done in a clone of M9 and one rootstock of the Cornell-Geneva series (RN29 and Geneva®41 respectively) set in three different substrates. Seedlings inoculated with AMF when compared to the control, presented further expansion of their leaves, bigger diameter and greater height, all significantly different. Acclimatization period was reduced from 60 to 40 days. The incorporation of this type of technologies could generate a more sustainable management of plant production with less use of agrochemicals. 650 $aADAPTACION 650 $aFRUTALES 650 $aMANZANO 650 $aPROPAGACION VEGETATIVA 650 $aSIMBIOSIS 653 $aADAPTATION 653 $aAPPLE 653 $aVEGETATIVE PROPAGATION 700 1 $aMONTAÑEZ MASSA, A. 700 1 $aDOCAMPO, R. 700 1 $aRODRIGUEZ, P. 700 1 $aCABRERA, D. 700 1 $aZOPPOLO, R. 773 $tCultivos Tropicales, 2016$gv. 37, Supl. 1, p. 7-12.
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INIA Las Brujas (LB) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
Fecha actual : |
26/02/2021 |
Actualizado : |
10/08/2021 |
Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
Autor : |
BAETHGEN, W.E.; PARTON, W.P-; RUBIO, V.; KELLY, R.H.; LUTZ, S. |
Afiliación : |
WALTER E. BAETHGEN, International Research Institute for Climate and Society, The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA.; WILLIAM J. PARTON, Natural Resource Ecology Lab, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.; VALENTINA RUBIO DELLEPIANE, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; ROBIN H. KELLY, Natural Resource Ecology Lab, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.; SUSAN LUTZ, Natural Resource Ecology Lab, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. |
Título : |
Ecosystem dynamics of crop-pasture rotations in a fifty-year field experiment in Southern South America: Century model and field results. |
Fecha de publicación : |
2021 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Soil Science Society of America Journal, Volume 85, Issue 2, Pages 423-437, March/April 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20204 |
DOI : |
doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20204 |
Idioma : |
Inglés |
Notas : |
Article History: Accepted manuscript online: 26 November 2020; Manuscript accepted: 18 November 2020; Manuscript revised: 02 November 2020 ; Manuscript received: 12 February 2020; Published online: 24 March 2021. |
Contenido : |
Abstract:
The Century model was used to simulate soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, and crop production dynamics in an ongoing field experiment in Uruguay (started in 1963). The model was calibrated using observed data from three treatments (crop or crop?pasture rotations) and validated with a fourth treatment. The model correctly predicted the impact of different treatments on microbial biomass, N mineralization, soil respiration, and crop yields. The model and observed data show that soil respiration, N mineralization, soil C, and crop yields increase with increasing plant derived C inputs caused by increasing the frequency of pastures in the rotations. This is one of the first papers which show the strong positive correlation of observed soil C with plant C soil inputs to field?observed microbial biomass, soil respiration, and N mineralization. The results also showed that reducing tillage and transitioning to a no?till system increased soil C and reduced soil erosion. The main path of soil C losses was heterotrophic microbial respiration which accounted for 66% of the total C lost in a continuous crop rotation and no fertilizers, 71% in a continuous crop rotation with fertilizers, and 86% in a crop?pasture rotation with fertilizers. Model results from a degraded cropping system showed that adding grass/clover pastures greatly increased plant production and soil C, while reducing the frequency of grass/clover pastures in high?fertility cropping systems from 50% of the time to 25% reduces crop yields and soil C. Including cover crops substantially increases crop production and maintains soil C in high fertility and degraded cropping systems MenosAbstract:
The Century model was used to simulate soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, and crop production dynamics in an ongoing field experiment in Uruguay (started in 1963). The model was calibrated using observed data from three treatments (crop or crop?pasture rotations) and validated with a fourth treatment. The model correctly predicted the impact of different treatments on microbial biomass, N mineralization, soil respiration, and crop yields. The model and observed data show that soil respiration, N mineralization, soil C, and crop yields increase with increasing plant derived C inputs caused by increasing the frequency of pastures in the rotations. This is one of the first papers which show the strong positive correlation of observed soil C with plant C soil inputs to field?observed microbial biomass, soil respiration, and N mineralization. The results also showed that reducing tillage and transitioning to a no?till system increased soil C and reduced soil erosion. The main path of soil C losses was heterotrophic microbial respiration which accounted for 66% of the total C lost in a continuous crop rotation and no fertilizers, 71% in a continuous crop rotation with fertilizers, and 86% in a crop?pasture rotation with fertilizers. Model results from a degraded cropping system showed that adding grass/clover pastures greatly increased plant production and soil C, while reducing the frequency of grass/clover pastures in high?fertility cropping systems from 50% of ... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
CROP PASTURE ROTATION; CROPPING SYSTEMS; GRASS-CLOVER PASTURES; HIGH FERTILITY. |
Thesagro : |
CICLO DEL CARBONO; CICLO DEL NITROGENO; ECOSISTEMAS; SUELOS. |
Asunto categoría : |
-- |
Marc : |
LEADER 02844naa a2200289 a 4500 001 1061775 005 2021-08-10 008 2021 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $adoi.org/10.1002/saj2.20204$2DOI 100 1 $aBAETHGEN, W.E. 245 $aEcosystem dynamics of crop-pasture rotations in a fifty-year field experiment in Southern South America$bCentury model and field results.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2021 500 $aArticle History: Accepted manuscript online: 26 November 2020; Manuscript accepted: 18 November 2020; Manuscript revised: 02 November 2020 ; Manuscript received: 12 February 2020; Published online: 24 March 2021. 520 $aAbstract: The Century model was used to simulate soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, and crop production dynamics in an ongoing field experiment in Uruguay (started in 1963). The model was calibrated using observed data from three treatments (crop or crop?pasture rotations) and validated with a fourth treatment. The model correctly predicted the impact of different treatments on microbial biomass, N mineralization, soil respiration, and crop yields. The model and observed data show that soil respiration, N mineralization, soil C, and crop yields increase with increasing plant derived C inputs caused by increasing the frequency of pastures in the rotations. This is one of the first papers which show the strong positive correlation of observed soil C with plant C soil inputs to field?observed microbial biomass, soil respiration, and N mineralization. The results also showed that reducing tillage and transitioning to a no?till system increased soil C and reduced soil erosion. The main path of soil C losses was heterotrophic microbial respiration which accounted for 66% of the total C lost in a continuous crop rotation and no fertilizers, 71% in a continuous crop rotation with fertilizers, and 86% in a crop?pasture rotation with fertilizers. Model results from a degraded cropping system showed that adding grass/clover pastures greatly increased plant production and soil C, while reducing the frequency of grass/clover pastures in high?fertility cropping systems from 50% of the time to 25% reduces crop yields and soil C. Including cover crops substantially increases crop production and maintains soil C in high fertility and degraded cropping systems 650 $aCICLO DEL CARBONO 650 $aCICLO DEL NITROGENO 650 $aECOSISTEMAS 650 $aSUELOS 653 $aCROP PASTURE ROTATION 653 $aCROPPING SYSTEMS 653 $aGRASS-CLOVER PASTURES 653 $aHIGH FERTILITY 700 1 $aPARTON, W.P- 700 1 $aRUBIO, V. 700 1 $aKELLY, R.H. 700 1 $aLUTZ, S. 773 $tSoil Science Society of America Journal, Volume 85, Issue 2, Pages 423-437, March/April 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20204
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